Battle of Edgecote Moor (actually Danes Moor in Northamptonshire), a battle of the Warwick Rebellion.
In the North, one of the captains of Richard Neville, 16th Earl of Warwick (“The Kingmaker”), calling himself Robin of Redesdale (actually a trusted Neville captain, Sir William Conyers) started a rebellion against Edward IV, which was supported by Warwick and George, Duke of Clarence, brother of Edward IV and Richard III. Edward IV was at Nottingham, where he hoped to meet up with Humphrey Stafford, Earl of Devon, and William Herbert, Earl of Pembroke.
Apparently Devon and Pembroke quarreled on the way, with Pembroke continuing on his own, encountering the rebels near Banbury. Pembroke, his brother Sir Richard Herbert as well as Richard Woodville, Earl Rivers (Elizabeth Woodville’s father), and his son John were taken prisoner and executed on Warwick’s orders without trial.
Inverness
Birth of novelist and playwrite Elizabeth MacKintosh in Inverness. One of her pen names was Josephine Tey, and her 1951 novel The Daughter of Time was probably for many the starting point of a fascination with Richard III and the later Middle Ages.
For more information on Elizabeth MacKintosh:
, Josephine Tey: A Life. Sandstone Press, 2015
‘Death of Elizabeth MacKintosh‘, Dottie Tales (13 February 2016)
Betrothal of Anne Neville to Edward, prince of Wales, the son of Henry VI, at Angers Cathedral. They married at Bayeux approx. 13 December. Some time after Edward’s death at the battle of Tewkesbury on 7 May 1471, Anne married Richard, duke of Gloucester (future Richard III).
Source: ODNB on Anne Neville
Magdalen College, Oxford (© D Preis)
Not long after his coronation, Richard III visited Oxford University as one of the first stops of his Royal Progress. He stayed for 3 days, 24 to 26 July 1483, at Magdalen College on the invitation by the college’s founder, William Waynflete, bishop of Winchester.
Richard was “honourably received, firstly outside the University by the Chancellor of the University and by the Regents and non-Regents; then he was received honourably and in procession at the College of the Blessed Mary Magdalene by a speech by the lord Founder”. The day after his reception, we see Richard following his own cultural taste. He listened to two debates, one on moral philosophy and one on theology.
I think Hairsine is right when he remarks:
There was certainly no need for a medieval autocrat to sit through not one but two learned debates if he did not find a genuine interest there. One is lead to believe that Richard’s visits to Oxford and Cambridge were welcome interludes from the cares of government.
Richard seems to have been impressed with the debates as well as his welcome and rewarded the participants and Magdalen College handsomely with venison and cash. The whole event was in detail recorded in the Register of Magdalen College, which the anonymous Chronicler ended with the words Vivat rex in eternum, which can be translated as a “may the King live forever!”.
On the last day of his visit, Saturday 26 July, the king toured the university, before travelling on to Woodstock.
Robert C Hairsine, “Oxford University and the Life and Legend of Richard III”, in: J Petre (ed.), Richard III: Crown and People, Richard III Society, 1985, pp. 307-332
Rhoda Edwards, The Itinerary of King Richard III, 1483-1485. Richard III Society, 1983 , p.5
For the interesting history of Magdalen College, you can download an illustrated history book, The Story of Magdalen College Oxford, by Rena Gardiner from the College website.
Dorothea Preis
Louis XI becomes King of France. His coronation is on 15 August 1461. Due to his scheming and love for intrigue he became known as ‘The Spider King’.
Margaret, George and Richard, the three youngest children of Richard Plantagenet, 3rd Duke of York, and Cecily Neville, stay for a few weeks at the house, which had belonged to Sir John Fastolf, in Southwark, where they are visited every day by their eldest brother Edward, Earl of March (later Edward IV).
Bibliography: Christine Weightman, Margaret of York: The Diabolical Duchess. Amberley Publishing, Chalford, 2009. ISBN 978 1 84868 099 9 (paperback)
Illustration: Old London Bridge in 1616 with Southwark Priory, now Cathedral, in the foreground, by Claes van Visscher
Battle of Castillon, Aquitaine, the last battle of the 100 Years’ War between the House of Valois and the House of Plantagenet for the French throne. John Talbot, 1st Earl of Shrewsbury, and father of Eleanor Talbot (Butler), is killed.
Bibliography: John Ashdown-Hill, Eleanor – The Secret Queen. The History Press, 2009 ISBN 978-0752448664 (hardback)
Illustration: The Death of John Talbot at the Battle of Castillon, by Charles-Philippe Larivière (1798-1876)
Death of Anna von Kleve (Anne of Cleves), the fourth wife of Henry VIII, at Chelsea Manor. She was not even 42 years old. She was buried at Westminster Abbey.
Richard, Duke of Gloucester, receives all the lands in Yorkshire and Cumberland, which had belonged to Richard Neville, Earl of Warwick, from his father’s side.
Marriage of George, Duke of Clarence (brother of Edward IV and Richard III), to Isabel Neville, elder daughter of Richard Neville, 16th Earl of Warwick (‘The Kingmaker’), and Anne Beauchamp, at Calais. The ceremony took place in secret, as King Edward IV, had explicitly forbidden the marriage. It was conducted by George Neville, Archbishop of York.
